Interventions used in research projects
Proactive Reading
The Proactive series of reading interventions includes four reading programs—Proactive Foundation Level, Proactive Level 1, Proactive Level 2, and Proactiva—all of which are based on current and confirmed research in reading. The Series has been demonstrated through multiple research studies to be a highly effective intervention, especially for students who experience difficulty in learning to read.
Foundation Level: The Foundation level is designed to prepare children for Proactive Reading Level 1 and is intended for pre-kindergarten and kindergarten students.
Level 1: Proactive Reading Level 1 is a reading intervention for struggling beginning readers that provides intensive small-group instruction that develops phonemic awareness, phonetic decoding, reading fluency, and comprehension.
Level 2: Proactive Reading Level 2 is a reading intervention for struggling beginning readers that provides intensive small-group instruction.
Proactiva: Proactiva reading intervention is designed for Spanish-speaking children in the first grade.
PALS
Peer-Assisted Literacy Strategies (PALS) series includes three supplemental peer-tutoring reading programs—Kindergarten PALS, First Grade PALS, and Teacher-Directed
PALS—all of which are based on current and confirmed research in reading. These programs contain
features that increase the ease and fidelity of use. For example, K-PALS and First Grade PALS provide completely scripted lessons for teachers to
use in teaching students how to conduct peer tutoring, The materials for each
program include everything a teacher needs to conduct PALS lessons except
the trade books used in the Story Sharing activity (First Grade PALS and Teacher-Directed PALS), although guidelines and detailed trade book
suggestions are included.
K-PALS: K-PALS is taught during 20-minute sessions, 3 days a week for 20 weeks. The teacher groups the class into pairs and then teaches the students how to do each activity, with one student starting as the Coach and the other student starting as the Reader; students change roles during the activities. To accommodate academic diversity, the level of difficulty of the reading tasks can be adjusted for students who need more time to master the content.
First-Grade PALS: First Grade PALS instruction consists of 30-minute sessions conducted 3 days a week for 16-20 weeks. The teacher groups the class into pairs and then teaches the students how to do each activity, with one student starting as the Coach and the other student starting as the Reader; students change roles during the activities.
Teacher-Directed PALS: Teacher-Directed PALS instruction consists of 30-minute sessions conducted 3 days a week for 16-20 weeks. The program allows teachers to easily instruct another adult on how to effectively deliver the lessons, and the program is taught directly by either a teacher, parent volunteer or paraprofessional.
Responsive Reading
Instruction (RRI)
Responsive Reading Instruction is an observation-based reading intervention for struggling beginning readers that provides intensive small-group instruction several times a week for 40 minutes.
Computerized Monitoring of Early Reading Skills (CMERS)
CMERS is a computer adaptive test (CAT) of reading skills for early readers in kindergarten through third grade, developed by the Florida Center for Reading Research (FCRR) in partnership with Talking Fingers, Inc.